主题：“王海大队”震敌胆 (ZT) -- 9418

这是苏联的"ACES" 尖子飞行员的成绩单. 最下面的表中, 毛估估就杀了250.

Soviet Aces in the Korean war

http://aeroweb.lucia.it/~agretch/RAFAQ/SovietAces.html

According to Soviet Military Interventions Since 1945 by Schmid, Soviet Union evaded direct involment in the Korean War. It has made large deliveries of tanks, trucks and artillery, yet well before invasion materialized it sharply reduced the number of its military advisers in North Korea. According to american intelligence estimates Soviet Union introduced some 20-25,000 troops into North Korea only after the front had stabilized, and they did not participate in serious fighting.

This does not imply that some number of military advisers were kept in the Korea at all times, including pilots.

...........

From: Ulrich Eckel ([email protected])

My statistics here came from an article in the Sept-Oct 1994 issue of Command magazine and the TV series "Wings of the Red Star". The 64th Fighter Aviation Corps was sent to fight in Korea in Nov 1950. They performed very well, shooting down over 1,300 UN aircraft of all types while losing only 345 of their own. 16 Soviet pilots made ace, with the top scorer being Evgeni Pepelyaev with 23 kills. This info comes from the magazine article, and the author got his info from various US and Russian publications. The 2:1 MiG-15 vs. F-86 statistic is from the "Red Star" series. It should be mentioned that American and Soviet info do not contradict each other with regards to kill tallies. Only if an American plane is brought down over the combat area was it counted as a "loss". U.S. Air Force does not count planes damaged beyond repair or forced to land on the way home. The Soviets do, so their figures are naturally higher with regards to kills.

This makes sense because MiG-15 is considered the better plane. Its just that Chinese and North Korean pilots were SO bad that the US could score a 13:1 kill ratio against them. Many US and Soviet pilots were veterans of World War II. Most of the Soviet pilots sent to Korea were veterans and aces, including Ivan Kozhedub, 3-time Hero of the Soviet Union with 62 German kills to his credit. So pilot quality was even (since USSR sent almost exclusively elite pilots, you could even say that man-for-man they were superior). In addition to their good scores against enemy fighters, the Soviet pilots were the primary reason the US stopped using B-29 bombers (US first switched from day to night bombing and, after 1951, hardly used them at all).

...........

From: [email protected] (Al Bowers)

These are from Jon Eckel and David Lednicer, respectively.

>16 Soviet pilots of the 64th Fighter Aviation Corps made ace.

>The highest scoring was Evgeni Pepelyaev, with 23 confirmed kills (12

>F-86s, 6 F-80s, 4 F-84s, and one F-94. Most of the Soviet pilots that

>were sent to Korea were veterans or aces of World War II. Ivan Kozhedub,

>a 3-time Hero of the Soviet Union with 62 German kills to his credit, was

>one of those sent.

>The 64th was secretly sent to fight in the Korean War in Nov

>1950. They did quite well, shooting down 1,300 UN aircraft of all types

>while losing only 345 of their own. MiG-15s piloted by Soviets outscored

>the F-86 guys at around 2:1. However, MiGs in the hands of North Korean

>and Chinese pilots were knocked down at something like 13:1 by the USAF.

>There doesn't seem to be any Chinese or Korean aces.

>I don't have all the details of this but there is supposedly a lot

>of good info on this in the Oct 1990 through May 1991 issues of Aviatiya

>i Kosmonavtika. If there is anyone who can read Russian who has access

>to these, I'd like to know more details. The 28 December 1991 edition of

>Krasnaya Zvezda should contain some info, too.

I came across the following article on Soviet Aces in Korea:

Soviet Air Aces of the Korean War

by Igor N. Gordelianow

Recently, a distinguished Soviet airmen has told of his participation in the Korean War from 1952-53. This war started as a conflict between North and South Korean, but in a short time both the USSR and the USA were drawn into the battle. Alexandr Pavlovich Smortzkow was born in 1919. During the Korean War he served as the comra artder of the 18th Air craft Regiment. He was decorated with the "Gold Star" order for his service in the Korean War. He is also a "Hero of the Soviet Union" and at the present time he is a retired Colonel. He gave the following interview to a reporter of the Russian newspaper, Komsomolskaya Pravda: "in June 1950, I was flying MiG-15 out of Moscow when the commander of the Moscow Air Defense (PVO), General Colonel K. Moscalenko, informed me of the arrival of top secret orders concerning the conflict in Korea. The signal to initiate the orders, "Polikarpov Po-2 in Flight" had been received and we were to board a secret train at night to travel to the Far East. When we arrived in the Far East, we found the weather to be very bad; heavy tropical downpours such as I have never experienced in my lifetime. Many ducks were swimming on our airfield. First we operated from Mukdan airbase, but after a few days our 18-aircraft regiment was transferred to Andun airbase. "Our first flights were in formation with MiG - 15s from other regiments: 24 MiG-15 in three groups of eight aircraft. We were dressed in Chinese uniforms and our aircraft carried Chinese insignia. Initially, we were ordered to speak only Korean over the radio. Since most Russian pilots did not know Korean and we had to use Korean dictionaries for even the simplest words necessary for fighting and flying, as you can imagine, this order was soon abolished. "Our attitudes towards the American pilots were complicated. During the Second World War, we had been allies against Hitler. Therefore, in Korea, we did not view the Americans as enemies, but only as opponents. Our motto in the air was 'Competition - with whomever.' "Americans attacking North Korea in our area had two main targets: The bridges across the Yalunczyan River and the Andun power station which was supplying electrical power to North Korea. Our pilots protected these two objectives with great success. Out first aerial victory was scored by Akatow who shot down an F-86 Sabre. This free pilot later died of wounds suffered in combat; he had only one aerial victory. Also killed was my friend Valentin Filimonow who was shot down when two F-86 Sabres attacked his MiG-15. "My opinions about the relative abilities of Soviet and American aircraft and pilots were as follows: I thought the American pilots were very good. This opinion was shared by other Soviet pilots including my friends Vladimir Voistinnych and Pete Chourkin. However, the MiG-15 was a very good aircraft. It had only one big problem - the engine would stop abruptly during a sharp turn. As for the American aircraft: the F-80 Shooting Star was not very good, the F-84 Thunderjet was average, but the F-86 Sabre was very good. "One day we attacked a group of Australian Gloster Meteors. They were a big, easy targets for us. My friend Oskin and I destroyed five Meteors during this one fight. "One night we intercepted B-29 Superfortresses. I was listening to my radio - 'Group of B-29s in front of you!' I dove my MiG-15 with my heart pounding. Soon I saw the B-29s with many protecting fighters. I attacked and destroyed two B-29s and one of the escorting Sabres. Over my radio came the question: 'Alexandr! How are you getting on?' I answered with a furious 'Victory! It's O.K.!' That night our regiment destroyed five B-29s." Alexandr Smortzkow finished the Korean War with 12 victories (5 B-29, 2 F-86, and 5 Meteors.

Ivan Kozedub, the great Soviet ace of the Second World War (62 victories) and "Hero of the Soviet Union" with three "Gold Stars", was the commander of all the Soviet fighter regiments in Korea. He did not fly in Korea, but his regiments accounted for 258 viaories.

Other Soviet Aces of the Korean War:

Nikolay Shkodin: 5 victories (4 F-86 and one F-84G). During the war he flew 150 combat missions. He is presently a General-Major retired.

Yevgeny Pepelyaev: with 23 victories, he was the top Soviet ace in the Korean War. He was known as the "Big night boy".

Anatoly Karelin: 9 victories (all B-29s destroyed at night during "Free Hunter" missions.

Other Soviet aces were:

Nikolay Ivanov (6 F-86), Mikhail Mihin (9 F-86), Nick Sutyagin (23 victories), L. Schukin (more than 10 victories), and D. Oskin (more than 10 victories).

Other Soviets with more than 10 victories were: G. Pulov, G. Ohay, S. Veshnyakov, G. Ges, A. Boytzow, and D. Samaoylov.

Alexandr Smortzkow's interview concluded: "Before my last flight of the War, my division commander ordered that we were to attack Sabres and then fly back to the USSR. On this flight, I was wounded in the leg. Back in the USSR, I learned that an American pilot with the Russian name, Makhonin, had been captured along with his brand new F-86. It was interesting to study his aircraft up close. "Thus, the war was finished for us. However, many of my good friends had perished in Korea and they were buried at Port Artur."

Igor M. Gordelianow (SAFCH #1066), ul. Strijskaja 179 kw.68, Lvowskaja obl., g. Drogobych, 293720 Ukraina.

Small Air Forces Observer vol. 17 no. 1 (65) January, 1993

...........

From: Andrew Mikhailov ([email protected])

...I'm sending you ... list of Soviet aces [which] I composed basing on the russian press of recent years. This list may have [few errors] ... because ... facts are different in various sources. I'm not sure that [this list] contains all ... Soviet aces, but it [does] the greater part of them:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Name Kills Comments

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sutyagin N V 21+2 (21 personal and 2 in group)

Pepelyaev Ye G 19 (and 4 more Pepelyaev's kills was recorded on his wingman score)

Smortzkow A P 15

Schukin L K 15

Oskin D P 14 (or 11 on another sources)

Ponomaryov M S 14 (or 11 on another sources)

Kramarenko S M 13

Sutzkow 12

Sheberotov N K 12

Bakhayev S A 11

Dokashenko N G 11

Ohay G U 11 (and 6 in WW2)

Pomaz 11

Samoylov D A 10

Milaushkin M S 10

Pulov G I 10 (or 8 on another sources)

Mihin M I 9

Subbotin S P 9

Zabelin N V 9

Ges G I 8 (or 9 on another sources)

Fedorets S A 7 confirmed and 1 unconfirmed - unconfirmed victory is downing of the best of American aces McConnell plane on 12.04.53.

Babonin N N 7

Zaplavnev I M 7

Ivanov L M 7 (not Nikolay Ivanov from your list who have 3 cofirmed kills 1 unconfirmed kill and 2 damaged planes)

Bokatz B V 6

Vishnyakov S F 6

Zameskin N M 6

Nikolayev A P 6

Nikulin P F 6

Boitsov A S 6

Hvostontsev V M 6

Abakumov B S 5

Bashman A T 5

Belousov V I 5

Berelidze G N 5

Bogdanov G I 5

Gerasimenko N I 5

Danilov S D 5

Dmitryuk G F 5

Karelin A M 5

Korniyenko N L 5

Kochegarov A M 5

Lepikov V L 5

Naumenko S I 5

Obraztsov B A 5

Olenitsa 5

Prudnikov 5

Siskov B N 5

Shelamanov N K 5

Shkodin N I 5 (or 3 on another sources)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Al Bowers compiled a list of US Korean aces which comes handy for comparison reasons. Also see related page from Knowledge Adventure Online.