主题：茗谈121:女汉子 -- 本嘉明

1998, International Journal of Neuroscience, volume 94, pp 55-61

结论：The relationship between serum total testosterone (T) level and the fluid intelligence (Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test) was studied in men and women. There was no significant difference between IQs of men and women. There was an inverse curvelinear relationship between IQ and T in women. The same was found also in men, but the declining part of the regression line at high T levels was not as pronounced as in women. It is concluded that T may be related to IQ, even in subjects exhibiting no sex difference in IQ tests; too low or too high T levels may be disadvantageous for the fluid intelligence, especially in women.

结论：近年来关于性激素与认知功能、性激素与行为的研究日渐增多，然而关于青春期前和青春期早期的儿童的类似却寥寥无几。由于青春期前到青春期早期在智力、人格发展过程中的重要地位，本研究对这一时期男孩的性激素与智力、人格的关系进行了探讨。被试为8岁到12岁的男孩共232名，其中超常男孩62名。以唾液性激素及指长比(2D∶4D，反映出生前性激素水平)作为性激素指标。智力测量采用卡特尔文化公平智力测验，人格测量采用儿童十四种人格因素问卷(中国修订版)。结果发现：1)智力正态分布的男孩中，8岁组唾液性激素与智力成绩无显著相关，10岁组唾液性激素与智力成绩显著正相关，12岁组唾液睾酮浓度与智力成绩呈显著负相关；2)8岁组中唾液雌二醇和指长比与多个人格因素的相关显著；3)超常男孩与常态男孩相比，唾液睾酮浓度较低，指长比较长(主要表现在右手)。本研究的结果提示，在早进入青春期的男孩中，智力发展会受到睾酮增高带来的不利影响，而在晚熟的男孩中，睾酮增高较晚可能对智力发展有利；超常男孩的当前睾酮水平和出生前睾酮水平都低于常态男孩；雌激素水平较高可能使男孩性格更趋于外向；指长比(出生前性激素)与人格因素的相关也不可忽视。