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家园 不朽的志愿军空军英雄孙生禄 不朽的志愿军空军英雄孙生禄
焦景文/侯祖沛
一九五二年十二月十二日，中国人民志愿军空军领导机关颁发了一条嘉奖令，追赠先后击落敌机六架，击伤敌机一架的中国人民志愿军空军某部中队长孙生禄"一级战斗英雄"的光荣称号，并追记特等功一次。
英雄的中华男儿、朝鲜人民的忠诚朋友--孙生禄同志，是河北省定兴县坊上村人。他为中朝人民献出他宝贵的生命的时候是二十五岁。
远在日本帝国主义侵占我国华北之后，年青的孙生禄，便决然地拿起枪参加了抗日的队伍。在一次战斗里，他的枪突然打不响了。当时两个日本强盗端着刺刀向他冲来。但孙生禄并没有畏惧，他象千万不屈的中国人民一样，勇敢地站了起来，跳出工事，端着刺刀迎击敌人。最前面的一个敌人，看他个子矮，便带着轻蔑的神态向他走来。孙生禄马上向着敌人冲过去，同敌人展开了激烈的肉搏战，英勇地将敌人刺倒。这时，所有的战友们都赶来了，剩下的敌人见事不好，转身就跑。从那时候起，孙生禄便是一位无畏的战士。
孙生禄参加志愿军空军后，在党的教导和培养下，越发显示出他的优秀品质。他热爱祖国、热爱朝鲜人民。当他第一次飞上朝鲜的天空时，看不到地面上有一个完整的城市和乡村，他心里燃烧起不可熄灭的怒火，勇敢地投入了打击美国空中强盗的战斗。
孙生禄在战斗中锻炼成为一个坚强的空中战士，他善于以高度的勇敢战胜敌机的攻击，也善于以无比的机智来击败敌机的诡计。
一九五二年十一月十五日，孙生禄和他的战友在朝鲜某地高空发现了两架敌机。他那鹰一样锐利的眼睛，迅速看出这两架敌机的副油箱还没有扔掉。这是一个打击敌机的很好机会。他立刻领着他的僚机巧妙地绕到这两架敌机的后面，准备打它个措手不及。就在他准备向敌机攻击时，突然耳机里传来僚机飞行员马连玉的报告：
"注意！后面又跟上来两架敌机！"
其实，在孙生禄发现前面的两架敌机时，他就考虑到：可能后面还有敌机。但是前面的敌机既然没有扔掉副油箱，显然是没有发现我们，这是不可放弃的战机。他迅速地向后面扫视了一下，看见后面的敌机刚把副油箱扔掉，高度低于我们的飞机，距离马连玉还远，一时是追不上来的。于是，他一面命令马连玉监视后面的敌机，一面仍然迅速地向着前面的一架敌机冲过去，并且向它开了炮。这架敌机马上栽了下去。剩下的一架敌机，象听到了枪声的野兽一样，慌慌张张地丢掉副油箱逃走了。
孙生禄没有顾得看这架被击落的敌机，马上一个向后转，对着后面两架敌机开始了猛烈的射击。这两架准备向马连玉攻击的敌机，受不住孙生禄的勇猛攻击，急忙调转机头，也向着南方逃去了。
在许多次战斗中，孙生禄常常忘掉自己的一切去挽救危难中的战友。
去年十二月二日，孙生禄和他的僚机飞行员马连玉负责掩护空军英雄王海的长机组向敌机发起攻击。正当王海的长机组追击着两架敌机，并且马上就要开始射击的时候，突然，四架Ｆ八十六型敌机象发了疯似地向着王海的长机组冲来。它们企图偷袭王海的长机组，解救即将被击落的强盗。这时，孙生禄要掩护长机组安全地攻击敌人，必须迅速地急转机头对着敌机冲过去，打乱敌机的队形，把敌机的攻击吸引向自己。但是，这样作是很危险的，容易给敌机造成攻击的好机会。孙生禄没有丝毫畏惧和犹豫。他忘记了一切危险，在"决不许敌人伤害我们的长机"的高度阶级感情的鼓舞下，他精确而迅速地急转过机头，没等敌人开火，便向冲来的四架敌机开始了猛烈的射击。
这突如其来的射击，使敌机慌乱了。就在这一刹那间，王海的长机组已脱离了危险，紧追着两架敌机飞远了。可是，这四架敌机却向着孙生禄攻来。孙生禄娴熟地操纵着飞机，机智地绕到敌机后面，一面撵着敌机转圈，一面聚精神会神地寻找战机。当四架敌机跟随他转了两个大圈之后，孙生禄已经瞄准了敌人的四号飞机，他狠狠地打出了一串炮弹，这架敌机马上便翻滚着坠落下去。但是，敌机并没有退却，它们依仗着数量上的优势，又反转来继续扑向孙生禄。孙生禄早已预料到了这点，因此，在他击落敌人的四号机之后，又紧接着逼向敌人的三号机。敌人的三架机还没有反转过来，孙生禄的炮弹已经爆炸在它的机身里了。
第二天--十二月三日，孙生禄又一次击落了一架敌机，并配合战友们打退了企图向朝鲜人民大肆轰炸的敌机机群。在他安全返航不久，连续惨败恼羞成怒的敌机又一次来袭了。英雄孙生禄，又马上同战友们一起同数量上超过自己四倍以上的敌机展开了激烈的战斗。孙生禄带领着僚机飞行员马连玉，把四架敌机从一万二千公尺的高空，直压到一千五百公尺低空。正当他要狠狠地惩罚这些强盗时，右后方又来了四架敌机，并且一齐向他射击起来。孙生禄驾驶的飞机受伤了，但他并没有畏惧，他驾驶着受了伤的飞机，怒不可遏地向着偷袭他的敌机冲去。可是，受了重伤的飞机，不再听他操纵了。我们的英雄--中国人民优秀的儿子、朝鲜人民忠实的朋友孙生禄，为着祖国和朝鲜人民的幸福生活，为着全世界的持久和平光荣地献出了他宝贵的生命。
孙生禄光荣牺牲在朝鲜的天空，激怒了正在进行着激烈战斗的战友们。他亲密的战友--僚机飞行员马连玉马上便把杀害孙生禄的敌机击落、击伤各一架。在为孙生禄复仇的愤怒心情下，就在这次战斗中，他的战友们击落击伤了六架敌机。
孙生禄，这位出色的空军英雄、中国共产党的优秀党员的名字和他的事迹，永垂不朽！
家园 抗美援朝空战奇观 抗美援朝空战奇观
常青
从1950年12月至1953年7月，在历时两年8个月的抗美援朝作战中，中国人民志愿军空军由不会打仗，到学会打仗；由打小仗，到学会打大仗；由单一机种作战，到尝试多机种联合作战；由只能在昼间简单气象条件下作战，到能够在昼间复杂气象条件下和夜间简单气象条件下作战，共击落敌机330架，击伤敌机95架。
年轻的中国人民志愿军空军，不鸣则已，一鸣惊人，用忠诚和勇敢创造了一个又一个辉煌战例，用鲜血和生命书写了一幅又一幅空战奇观。
初试锋芒，击落击伤敌机3架，我无一损伤。
这是什么“战术”？美国远东空军大加研究才发现：“原来中共空军根本就没有战术”。
1950年12月，志愿军空军开始以飞行大队为单位进驻前沿机场进行实战练习，目的是取得战斗经验，揭开空战之“谜”，建立起战胜美国空军的勇气和信心。
1951年1月21日，空4师10团28大队率先迎来了第一次空战。
当天下午，美国远东空军20架F─84飞机沿平壤──新安州一线对铁路进行轰炸，企图阻滞我志愿军的后勤供应。大队长李汉率领6架米格─15飞机奉命跃上蓝天，奋起迎击。
无线电耳机里不时传来地面指挥员的通报：“敌F─84正在你们附近，发现目标，立即攻击。”
“右侧发现敌机两架。”随着3号机的报告，李汉也在右下方发现了敌机。
此时，20架骄横的F─84喷气战斗轰炸机正兜着圈子，肆无忌惮地对着清川大桥进行轰炸扫射。看着大桥周围冒起的缕缕浓烟，李汉浑身的血液都沸腾了，他大吼一声：“攻击！”猛一推操纵杆，不顾一切地向敌机俯冲下去。由于过于激动，导致动作过猛，李汉“刷”地一下就从敌机腹下冲了过去。
敌机被这突如其来的打击吓慌了手脚，立即四下逃窜，李汉敏捷地扭转机头，迅速咬住了右后方正在逃窜的两架敌机，并迅速对准敌人的长机，一按炮钮，“咚！咚！咚！”就是几炮，敌机像断了线的风筝，歪歪斜斜地向南逃去。
8天过后，也就是1951年的1月29日，李汉又首创志愿军空军击落敌机的先例。
那天，李汉率领8架战鹰在空中与16架敌机交战。面对两倍于己的敌人，我战鹰勇猛无畏，像支支利箭疾射而去，将敌机编队冲得七零八落。4架敌机转头扑向我机，“好小子，想打对头。”李汉驾机迎面猛冲上去，狭路相逢勇者胜，敌机胆怯了，相距还有1000多米，急忙一个侧翻，向右躲避。李汉敏捷地向左一侧，截了过去。在战友的掩护下，李汉紧紧咬住敌机，套进瞄准光环，一按炮钮，一下子打出40多发炮弹，敌机拖着浓浓的黑烟，一头栽进了大海。与此同时，另8架敌机冲了上来，李汉和战友们英勇顽强，连续作战，又将一架敌机击伤，其他敌机仓皇逃逸。
8天之内的两次空战，我志愿军空军初试锋芒，击落击伤敌机3架，我无一损伤。3：0的战绩，在人民空军的战史上掀开了新的一页。
战后，一个被我击落的美国飞行员曾公开披露：“我们费了很多功夫研究一个问题：中共空军究竟用的是什么战术？研究了很久，终于明白了，原来中共的空军根本没有战术！”
这种最初始的“没有战术的战术”，90％的因素是由人民空军特有的牺牲精神构建的。
“英雄的王海大队”美名传扬。30多年后，巴基斯坦已故总统哈克赞誉王海为“以往的空战中敢和美国空军较量的唯一的空军司令”。
在中国革命博物馆展厅里，有一架机身上有9颗红星的米格-15型歼击机，经常让游客们驻足留影。9颗红星象征着9架敌机曾被这架战斗机击落或击伤。这9颗红星的主人就是著名的空中英雄、原空军司令员王海。
王海第一次参加空战，驾驶的是一架英国产的FMK-8战斗轰炸机，因为经验不足，开炮时没有使用光环瞄准。炮弹打光了也没有击中敌机的要害。虽然敌机最终在王海的指挥下，被随之而来的战友们击落了，王海大队也因首次击落敌机而轰动了整个机场，但王海对自己并不满意。作为一个空中指挥员，他知道自己的担子不轻，他要在战斗中尽快成长起来。
转眼到了1952年12月3日，接到紧急战斗命令，已是副团长的王海率着他的12驾战鹰迅速登机，飞越海面直插清川江口，准备出其不意地拦截敌机群。
空中保持无线电静默，他们不声不响地飞至清川江口上空。这时迎面飞来4架敌机。“会不会是‘鱼饵’呢？”王海没有立即行动。根据敌机出动的规律，王海断定这里决不止4架。王海决定咬一下这个“饵”。他率机突然扑向4架敌机，美机慌忙抛下副油箱，增速逃逸。王海没有追击，他整好队形，迅速占据有利高度。
果然，4架敌机刚刚逃去，就有四十多架敌机向北压来，他们不知自己已完全暴露在王海大队的面前。这时，王海下达了攻击命令。12架战机呼啸着冲向敌机群，顷刻间，敌机群被突如其来的攻击冲得四分五裂，四机一队的被打成双机，双机被打成单机……从12000米一直打到1500米，从清川江一直打到大同江。
王海没有和战友们一块往下追击，他带着僚机高空盘旋，指挥着飞行员迅速采取由上到下、逐层攻击的办法，向下面的美机展开迅猛攻击，整个战区被王海大队牢牢控制祝随后，王海又指挥大队安全撤出战斗。事后得知，与他们作战的，就是美空军王牌飞行队――二战中声名赫赫的五十一大队。在两支空中“王牌”的较量中，王海率部与4倍于己的美机作战，在15分钟内击落击伤美机6架。
在朝鲜战争中，王海大队共击落击伤敌机29架，飞行员们人人都创造了战绩，每架战机上都涂上了象征着击落敌机的红五星，成为共和国空军的第一支王牌飞行队，被誉为“英雄的王海大队”。王海在整个朝鲜战争的空战中，创造了击落击伤敌机9架的辉煌战绩。
赵宝桐击落敌机7架，击伤2架，
成为志愿军空军击落敌机最多的飞行员。
毛主席得知后，风趣地说：“打飞机我不如赵宝桐。”
赵宝桐参加抗美援朝时，刚从航校毕业，只飞行过60多小时，但他面对敌机时，却没有丝毫的畏惧。在1951年11月4日的空战中，赵宝桐击落两架敌机，开创了三师空战歼敌、一举歼灭两架敌机的记录。到了12月2日，赵宝桐与两架F-86在清川江上空相遇。敌机的性能先进，依据赵宝桐的经验，用光圈瞄准，瞄准具的陀螺转动要慢于飞机的速度，因此光环的反应要慢一点。于是，他根据弹道来判断射击方位，敌机还没有过来，他就按下了炮钮。敌机已经来不及进行逃避，闯入了赵宝桐的炮弹线路。顿时，黑烟大起，这架F-86栽进了大海。这时，下面又有两架敌机以为他要攻击，急忙做半滚动作逃跑。赵宝桐一推机头，居高临下地冲了过去，及时准确地按下炮钮，两架F-86被他击落了。
抗美援朝作战中，赵宝桐击落敌机7架，击伤二架，创造了志愿军空军击落敌机最多的个人记录，也是中国空军飞行员击落敌机的最高记录，至今无人逾越。
他前后受到了5次通令表彰，是空军唯一荣立两次特等功者，被授予“一级战斗英雄”荣誉称号。朝鲜民主主义人民共和国也授予他三级国旗勋章，金日成首相还亲自接见了他。毛泽东主席得知后，曾风趣地说：“打飞机我不如赵宝桐。”
“孤胆英雄”刘玉堤一次空战击落敌机4架，创造人民空军一次空战个人击落敌机最高记录。
副团长侯书军首创夜间击落敌机记录。
1951年11月23日，美军出动大批战斗轰炸机，对朝鲜肃川至清川江口地区进行狂轰滥炸，志愿军空军第3师7团出动20架米格-15型歼击机升空迎击敌机。空战中，一大队大队长刘玉堤咬住一对双机进行攻击。狡猾的敌机拚命下降高度，企图从海上逃窜，刘玉堤紧追不舍。海面上空，头上是天，脚下是海，海天一色，分不出上下。两架敌机来了一个险招，一个俯冲扎下去，做海上超低空飞行。从未有过海上飞行训练的刘玉堤，尾随其后，急追而下。眼看就要贴近海面了，敌双机终于沉不住气，慌忙把飞机拉起。就在敌机刚要转弯的时候，刘玉堤瞄准后一阵猛射，分别在距敌机440米和130米处连续快速攻击，敌双机先后起火堕入海中。
随后，他左转上升高度至3500米，又发现7架敌机在轰炸铁路。刘玉堤咬住其中一架，单机发起攻击。敌机一拨机头，钻进一条狭长的山谷。越战越勇的刘玉堤冒着撞山的危险，追进山谷，在山谷尽头开炮，将敌机击落。返航途中，他再一次发现多架敌机，并将一架敌机打得凌空爆炸。连续击落4架敌机后，他的飞机所剩油料不多了，他大速度冲出战区，安全返航。他成为志愿军空军一次战斗中击落敌机最多的飞行员，空军党委专门为他发来了嘉奖电。
1952年5月29日，中朝空军联合司令部指挥所通报：今夜可能有敌机到朝鲜北部上空活动。30日凌晨2点，飞行副团长侯书军奉命起飞截击敌机。
起飞后，除了天上的点点星光，地面实行灯火管制，一片漆黑。侯书军在空中瞪大双眼仔细观察搜索。突然，他发现前面有一个光点。“是星星，还是敌机？”
为了证实，他向左压了一下飞机坡度，光点随之消失，又向右压了下坡度，光点又出现了。他由此判断：“不是星星，而是敌机！”他又兴奋，又紧张，在浩瀚的夜空中排除星光的干扰，加速向游移的敌机光点追去。近了，近了，敌机尾部喷出的火焰越来越清楚了。他一按炮钮，一连串炮弹向敌机飞去。只见前方一团火光，在强光刺激下，刘玉堤一下什么也看不见了。定一下神，视力渐渐恢复，他安全返回机常次日，美空军宣布他们的一架F-94飞机夜间出动没有返回。我地面人员也发现了被击落的敌机残海这是我志愿军空军首次夜间击落敌机，而且是在无地面引导、无机上雷达、无地面探照灯照射的情况下，仅用目视发现、瞄准、击落敌机的，狠狠打击了美空军的嚣张气焰。
要奋斗就会有牺牲，抗美援朝期间。
在抗美援朝作战中，我志愿军空军共被敌机击落231架，牺牲飞行人员116名，其中有正副团长8名，空勤主任3名，正副大队长9名，正副中队长14名，其他空勤人员82名。
热血洒长空，捐躯卫和平。
抗美援朝的空战英烈们永垂不朽！
《大地》 (2000年第十九期)
- 复 抗美援朝空战奇观
家园 Interesting part. 王海第一次参加空战，驾驶的是一架英国产的FMK-8战斗轰炸机What is this plane? Mosquito?
Meteor?
- 复 抗美援朝空战奇观
家园 哈哈哈...... 从1950年12月至1953年7月，在历时两年8个月的抗美援朝作战中，中国人民志愿军空军由不会打仗，到学会打仗；由打小仗，到学会打大仗；由单一机种作战，到尝试多机种联合作战；由只能在昼间简单气象条件下作战，到能够在昼间复杂气象条件下和夜间简单气象条件下作战，共击落敌机330架，击伤敌机95架。
在抗美援朝作战中，我志愿军空军共被敌机击落231架，牺牲飞行人员116名，其中有正副团长8名，空勤主任3名，正副大队长9名，正副中队长14名，其他空勤人员82名。
真是人有多大胆, 地有多大产! 啥都敢吹!
本帖一共被 1 帖 引用 (帖内工具实现)家园 怎么了，有什么问题？ 家园 志愿军飞行员蒋道平曾击落过美军的三料王牌飞行员 说到以劣胜优，不能不提我年轻的志愿军空军在朝鲜战场上的战绩。在纪念
馆的大型武器陈列场，纪念馆研究员尹继波指着志愿军空军一级英雄赵宝桐和孙
生禄曾驾驶过的米格－15歼击机、志愿军在收复朝鲜西海岸大小和岛作战中首次
出动的图－2型轰炸机对记者说："1951年春，我志愿军空军参战。当时朝鲜战场
空中力量对比绝对敌强我弱。到1950年10月底，美国空军已投入各型作战飞机11
00多架，飞行员大都参加过第二次世界大战，有丰富的空战经验。而我军当时仅
组建两个歼击机师、一个轰炸机团、一个强击机团，共有作战飞机不足200架，而
且飞行员都是经短期培训就升空作战。但就是在这种情况下，我志愿军空军连战
连捷，打掉了美国空军的嚣张气焰。"
在空军馆，记者看到许多记录当年中美空中较量的文物，有被我击落的美机
残片，有美军飞行员随身携带的"求生证"。空军馆还有许多空军英雄的事迹介绍
，有首战获胜的大队长李汉，有击落美"双料王牌驾驶员"爱德华?费希尔的韩德
彩……
"这个纪录还在突破。"陪同参观的张馆长介绍说，"在美国空军里，击落5架
飞机的飞行员称王牌驾驶员，击落10架就是双料王牌。但是没想到，过了几十年
之后，我们竟意外地发现，志愿军飞行员蒋道平曾击落过美军的三料王牌飞行员
。"
原来，1987年美国一家空军杂志披露，一个叫麦克康奈尔的著名"空军英雄"
在新型飞机试验飞行时遇难身亡。此人曾有过击落16架飞机的"辉煌战绩"，但在
朝鲜战场×年×月×日空战中被志愿军空军击落，跳伞落在黄海，被美军救走。
有关部门一核对，这次空战确有一架美机被我击落在黄海上空，但由于没有捉到
飞行员，不知道有此情况，此次也就只能按一般战绩给蒋道平记功了。
家园 这个也是有争议的 约瑟夫 麦克康乃尔在朝鲜战争中共击落了16架米格，的确是三料王牌。
在1953年4月12日自己被击落时他的战绩是8架，一般中国以外资料认为击落他的是苏联32航空师913团的Semen Alexeievich Fedorets。从辅助资料来看，至少比这个蒋道平可信多了。
家园 del 家园 这样啊 懒虫：你讲的这样的事当然可能发生, 我也相信发生了很多次。 但是...
This makes sense because MiG-15 is considered the better plane. Its just that Chinese and North Korean pilots were SO bad that the US could score a 13:1 kill ratio against them. Many US and Soviet pilots were veterans of World War II. Most of the Soviet pilots sent to Korea were veterans and aces, including Ivan Kozhedub, 3-time Hero of the Soviet Union with 62 German kills to his credit. So pilot quality was even (since USSR sent almost exclusively elite pilots, you could even say that man-for-man they were superior). In addition to their good scores against enemy fighters, the Soviet pilots were the primary reason the US stopped using B-29 bombers (US first switched from day to night bombing and, after 1951, hardly used them at all).
- 复 这样啊
家园 一面之词，加唯伤亡论，你用不着引那么多，其实 - 复 这样啊
家园 懒虫搬运 这是苏联的"ACES" 尖子飞行员的成绩单. 最下面的表中, 毛估估就杀了250.
Soviet Aces in the Korean war
http://aeroweb.lucia.it/~agretch/RAFAQ/SovietAces.html
According to Soviet Military Interventions Since 1945 by Schmid, Soviet Union evaded direct involment in the Korean War. It has made large deliveries of tanks, trucks and artillery, yet well before invasion materialized it sharply reduced the number of its military advisers in North Korea. According to american intelligence estimates Soviet Union introduced some 20-25,000 troops into North Korea only after the front had stabilized, and they did not participate in serious fighting.
This does not imply that some number of military advisers were kept in the Korea at all times, including pilots.
...........
From: Ulrich Eckel ([email protected])
My statistics here came from an article in the Sept-Oct 1994 issue of Command magazine and the TV series "Wings of the Red Star". The 64th Fighter Aviation Corps was sent to fight in Korea in Nov 1950. They performed very well, shooting down over 1,300 UN aircraft of all types while losing only 345 of their own. 16 Soviet pilots made ace, with the top scorer being Evgeni Pepelyaev with 23 kills. This info comes from the magazine article, and the author got his info from various US and Russian publications. The 2:1 MiG-15 vs. F-86 statistic is from the "Red Star" series. It should be mentioned that American and Soviet info do not contradict each other with regards to kill tallies. Only if an American plane is brought down over the combat area was it counted as a "loss". U.S. Air Force does not count planes damaged beyond repair or forced to land on the way home. The Soviets do, so their figures are naturally higher with regards to kills.
This makes sense because MiG-15 is considered the better plane. Its just that Chinese and North Korean pilots were SO bad that the US could score a 13:1 kill ratio against them. Many US and Soviet pilots were veterans of World War II. Most of the Soviet pilots sent to Korea were veterans and aces, including Ivan Kozhedub, 3-time Hero of the Soviet Union with 62 German kills to his credit. So pilot quality was even (since USSR sent almost exclusively elite pilots, you could even say that man-for-man they were superior). In addition to their good scores against enemy fighters, the Soviet pilots were the primary reason the US stopped using B-29 bombers (US first switched from day to night bombing and, after 1951, hardly used them at all).
...........
From: [email protected] (Al Bowers)
These are from Jon Eckel and David Lednicer, respectively.
>16 Soviet pilots of the 64th Fighter Aviation Corps made ace.
>The highest scoring was Evgeni Pepelyaev, with 23 confirmed kills (12
>F-86s, 6 F-80s, 4 F-84s, and one F-94. Most of the Soviet pilots that
>were sent to Korea were veterans or aces of World War II. Ivan Kozhedub,
>a 3-time Hero of the Soviet Union with 62 German kills to his credit, was
>one of those sent.
>The 64th was secretly sent to fight in the Korean War in Nov
>1950. They did quite well, shooting down 1,300 UN aircraft of all types
>while losing only 345 of their own. MiG-15s piloted by Soviets outscored
>the F-86 guys at around 2:1. However, MiGs in the hands of North Korean
>and Chinese pilots were knocked down at something like 13:1 by the USAF.
>There doesn't seem to be any Chinese or Korean aces.
>I don't have all the details of this but there is supposedly a lot
>of good info on this in the Oct 1990 through May 1991 issues of Aviatiya
>i Kosmonavtika. If there is anyone who can read Russian who has access
>to these, I'd like to know more details. The 28 December 1991 edition of
>Krasnaya Zvezda should contain some info, too.
I came across the following article on Soviet Aces in Korea:
Soviet Air Aces of the Korean War
by Igor N. Gordelianow
Recently, a distinguished Soviet airmen has told of his participation in the Korean War from 1952-53. This war started as a conflict between North and South Korean, but in a short time both the USSR and the USA were drawn into the battle. Alexandr Pavlovich Smortzkow was born in 1919. During the Korean War he served as the comra artder of the 18th Air craft Regiment. He was decorated with the "Gold Star" order for his service in the Korean War. He is also a "Hero of the Soviet Union" and at the present time he is a retired Colonel. He gave the following interview to a reporter of the Russian newspaper, Komsomolskaya Pravda: "in June 1950, I was flying MiG-15 out of Moscow when the commander of the Moscow Air Defense (PVO), General Colonel K. Moscalenko, informed me of the arrival of top secret orders concerning the conflict in Korea. The signal to initiate the orders, "Polikarpov Po-2 in Flight" had been received and we were to board a secret train at night to travel to the Far East. When we arrived in the Far East, we found the weather to be very bad; heavy tropical downpours such as I have never experienced in my lifetime. Many ducks were swimming on our airfield. First we operated from Mukdan airbase, but after a few days our 18-aircraft regiment was transferred to Andun airbase. "Our first flights were in formation with MiG - 15s from other regiments: 24 MiG-15 in three groups of eight aircraft. We were dressed in Chinese uniforms and our aircraft carried Chinese insignia. Initially, we were ordered to speak only Korean over the radio. Since most Russian pilots did not know Korean and we had to use Korean dictionaries for even the simplest words necessary for fighting and flying, as you can imagine, this order was soon abolished. "Our attitudes towards the American pilots were complicated. During the Second World War, we had been allies against Hitler. Therefore, in Korea, we did not view the Americans as enemies, but only as opponents. Our motto in the air was 'Competition - with whomever.' "Americans attacking North Korea in our area had two main targets: The bridges across the Yalunczyan River and the Andun power station which was supplying electrical power to North Korea. Our pilots protected these two objectives with great success. Out first aerial victory was scored by Akatow who shot down an F-86 Sabre. This free pilot later died of wounds suffered in combat; he had only one aerial victory. Also killed was my friend Valentin Filimonow who was shot down when two F-86 Sabres attacked his MiG-15. "My opinions about the relative abilities of Soviet and American aircraft and pilots were as follows: I thought the American pilots were very good. This opinion was shared by other Soviet pilots including my friends Vladimir Voistinnych and Pete Chourkin. However, the MiG-15 was a very good aircraft. It had only one big problem - the engine would stop abruptly during a sharp turn. As for the American aircraft: the F-80 Shooting Star was not very good, the F-84 Thunderjet was average, but the F-86 Sabre was very good. "One day we attacked a group of Australian Gloster Meteors. They were a big, easy targets for us. My friend Oskin and I destroyed five Meteors during this one fight. "One night we intercepted B-29 Superfortresses. I was listening to my radio - 'Group of B-29s in front of you!' I dove my MiG-15 with my heart pounding. Soon I saw the B-29s with many protecting fighters. I attacked and destroyed two B-29s and one of the escorting Sabres. Over my radio came the question: 'Alexandr! How are you getting on?' I answered with a furious 'Victory! It's O.K.!' That night our regiment destroyed five B-29s." Alexandr Smortzkow finished the Korean War with 12 victories (5 B-29, 2 F-86, and 5 Meteors.
Ivan Kozedub, the great Soviet ace of the Second World War (62 victories) and "Hero of the Soviet Union" with three "Gold Stars", was the commander of all the Soviet fighter regiments in Korea. He did not fly in Korea, but his regiments accounted for 258 viaories.
Other Soviet Aces of the Korean War:
Nikolay Shkodin: 5 victories (4 F-86 and one F-84G). During the war he flew 150 combat missions. He is presently a General-Major retired.
Yevgeny Pepelyaev: with 23 victories, he was the top Soviet ace in the Korean War. He was known as the "Big night boy".
Anatoly Karelin: 9 victories (all B-29s destroyed at night during "Free Hunter" missions.
Other Soviet aces were:
Nikolay Ivanov (6 F-86), Mikhail Mihin (9 F-86), Nick Sutyagin (23 victories), L. Schukin (more than 10 victories), and D. Oskin (more than 10 victories).
Other Soviets with more than 10 victories were: G. Pulov, G. Ohay, S. Veshnyakov, G. Ges, A. Boytzow, and D. Samaoylov.
Alexandr Smortzkow's interview concluded: "Before my last flight of the War, my division commander ordered that we were to attack Sabres and then fly back to the USSR. On this flight, I was wounded in the leg. Back in the USSR, I learned that an American pilot with the Russian name, Makhonin, had been captured along with his brand new F-86. It was interesting to study his aircraft up close. "Thus, the war was finished for us. However, many of my good friends had perished in Korea and they were buried at Port Artur."
Igor M. Gordelianow (SAFCH #1066), ul. Strijskaja 179 kw.68, Lvowskaja obl., g. Drogobych, 293720 Ukraina.
Small Air Forces Observer vol. 17 no. 1 (65) January, 1993
...........
From: Andrew Mikhailov ([email protected])
...I'm sending you ... list of Soviet aces [which] I composed basing on the russian press of recent years. This list may have [few errors] ... because ... facts are different in various sources. I'm not sure that [this list] contains all ... Soviet aces, but it [does] the greater part of them:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Kills Comments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sutyagin N V 21+2 (21 personal and 2 in group)
Pepelyaev Ye G 19 (and 4 more Pepelyaev's kills was recorded on his wingman score)
Smortzkow A P 15
Schukin L K 15
Oskin D P 14 (or 11 on another sources)
Ponomaryov M S 14 (or 11 on another sources)
Kramarenko S M 13
Sutzkow 12
Sheberotov N K 12
Bakhayev S A 11
Dokashenko N G 11
Ohay G U 11 (and 6 in WW2)
Pomaz 11
Samoylov D A 10
Milaushkin M S 10
Pulov G I 10 (or 8 on another sources)
Mihin M I 9
Subbotin S P 9
Zabelin N V 9
Ges G I 8 (or 9 on another sources)
Fedorets S A 7 confirmed and 1 unconfirmed - unconfirmed victory is downing of the best of American aces McConnell plane on 12.04.53.
Babonin N N 7
Zaplavnev I M 7
Ivanov L M 7 (not Nikolay Ivanov from your list who have 3 cofirmed kills 1 unconfirmed kill and 2 damaged planes)
Bokatz B V 6
Vishnyakov S F 6
Zameskin N M 6
Nikolayev A P 6
Nikulin P F 6
Boitsov A S 6
Hvostontsev V M 6
Abakumov B S 5
Bashman A T 5
Belousov V I 5
Berelidze G N 5
Bogdanov G I 5
Gerasimenko N I 5
Danilov S D 5
Dmitryuk G F 5
Karelin A M 5
Korniyenko N L 5
Kochegarov A M 5
Lepikov V L 5
Naumenko S I 5
Obraztsov B A 5
Olenitsa 5
Prudnikov 5
Siskov B N 5
Shelamanov N K 5
Shkodin N I 5 (or 3 on another sources)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Al Bowers compiled a list of US Korean aces which comes handy for comparison reasons. Also see related page from Knowledge Adventure Online.
家园 美国人对米格-15如此的印象深刻!!!! 问题是联军有多少架飞机是被米格击落，又有多少架是毁于防空炮火，美国人的水份大得很。美国二号王牌，詹姆斯，杰巴拉号称美国第一个喷气王牌，结果在他成为王牌那天他实际战果仅仅2架（另外两架勉强可以算），准确率仅为40%。还有韩德彩，击落5架佩刀，仅能确定2架。海航雄鹰团在朝鲜的时候，在拦截F-4U的时候曾被击落米格-15一架，这架F-4U随即也被击落，飞行员身亡，这个美国飞行员的战果如何统计？？（别指望无线电，当时美军只有济州岛引导站）美军明显压缩了空战损失（到不是有意作假，而是因为战斗发生在低空无法统计），中苏损失543架不假，但损失构成还有待进一步考证。要是佩刀能占如此优势，美国人至于对米格-15如此的印象深刻吗。
