主题：【讨论】请教什么是唯心的确切意思？ -- 慕容青草

英汉词典都是依据英语字典来办的，不信你去查英语字典：

以下摘自Merriam-Webster Dictionary的网上略本：

materialism:

1 a : a theory that physical matter is the only or fundamental reality and that all being and processes and phenomena can be explained as manifestations or results of matter b : a doctrine that the only or the highest values or objectives lie in material well-being and in the furtherance of material progress c : a doctrine that economic or social change is materially caused — compare historical materialism

2 : a preoccupation with or stress upon material rather than intellectual or spiritual things

注意materialism不是人们常说的马克思主义， dialectical materialism才是老马的东西。

dialectical materialism

: the Marxist theory that maintains the material basis of a reality constantly changing in a dialectical process and the priority of matter over mind

idealism:

1 a (1) : a theory that ultimate reality lies in a realm transcending phenomena (2) : a theory that the essential nature of reality lies in consciousness or reason b (1) : a theory that only the perceptible is real (2) : a theory that only mental states or entities are knowable

2 a : the practice of forming ideals or living under their influence b : something that is idealized

3 : literary or artistic theory or practice that affirms the preeminent value of imagination as compared with faithful copying of nature