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主题:【讨论】有機會問科學大牛一個問題,你會問什麼問題? -- 柠檬籽儿

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  • 家园 【讨论】有機會問科學大牛一個問題,你會問什麼問題?

    If you could ask a Nobel Laureate a question... What would it be?

    -Nature

    《自然》雜誌今天發布新主題,鼓勵大家向諾貝爾獎金獲得者(Nobel laureate)提問。

    http://lindau.nature.com/page/p_lnlm_fragen

    這個題目我很感興趣,因為我一直以來都想做一個採訪工作,訪問在華人世界中,那些科學大牛們對科學本身,對科學研究方法,以及普及教育的看法。我還希望他們能向公眾表達出他們對科學探索的興趣。

    我自己還有在港大的同事擬定了大概二十個問題。但是我們希望能有更多更好的問題,尤其是那些能讓被採訪的牛眼一亮的問題。因此這個工作進展並不快。

    Lindau Answer已經收集了一些問題(我放在下邊),粗粗看了一遍,只有幾個問題我覺得有意思,多數都是政治正確的問題(重要但不新鮮),例如環保、新能源之類的。我列出兩個有意思的問題,

    Have you ever considered an alternative career outside of science? e.g. in sports,music or industry?

    What do you see as the future of the standard model in the face of the possible discovery of the elusive Higgs boson(上帝粒子) and the even more elusive neutrinoless double beta decay?

    我也有兩個問題,

    (1) 什麼使您感到最神秘?

    (2) 做什麼事最值得冒險,您做過嗎?

    我在下邊列出其他人提出的問題,希望大家也能集思廣益提更有趣的問題。

    Questions

    Do you believe scientists are underrepresented in politics across the globe? If so have established scientists a duty to become more active in politics and science policy?

    What do you see as the future of the standard model in the face of the possible discovery of the elusive Higgs boson and the even more elusive neutrinoless double beta decay?

    Do you think people’s want for commercial gain is hindering or helping the more basic areas of research?

    Given the increasing democratization (or "flattening") of the global scientific landscape, do you feel developing economies are best served by depth in scientific research, or by emphasis on innovative, multi-disciplinary approaches?

    How do you think the public can be best convinced of the importance of doing fundamental research with no immediate applications in sight?

    Bell Labs and other corporate research sites, which led to many Nobel prizes, are on the decline or have shut down. Is corporate basic research critical, or is research in academia sufficient - or has private research just shifted to biology?

    Do you think the "publish or perish" paradigm in science enhances or impairs the quality of scientific work?

    Many people consider the peer-review system broken. If you share that opinion, do you have a solution?

    Does the future of solving complex medical problems lie within fluorescent diagnosis, to a point where detection would be as simple as turning on a lightbulb?

    Science is at a point where no one discipline (Economics, Physics, Biology, etc.) is sufficient to truly answer many of the questions we face. How do we foster collaborations between disciplines that approach science from such different perspectives

    At this year's 50th anniversary of the Laser: Why isn't it still possible to subsequently invent a stable super-continuum/multiple wavelength laser, or a gamma ray laser?

    How can we better combine scientific efforts interdisciplinarily in order to address urgent ecological and social questions?

    Do you think that new species of bacteria could yield a tool in the fight against Global Warming?

    How can researchers maintain the balance between career and family life?

    The Nobel prize includes a sum of money. What is the best/worst thing you have done with the money?

    What in your opinion, can be regarded as the most practical and relatively safe alternative energy source, considering the rapid depletion of the existing natural resources?

    Should we make academia more internationally collaborative?

    What rank did you have in your university studentship?

    Aside from being a Nobel Laureate, how would you want the world to remember you?

    It is said that there is a cost for everything big. What do you think have you lost in this journey to such a fantastic achievement ?

    Does competition in research lead to better and/or more science?

    During your career in science, have you been more encouraged by people that agreed or disagreed with your point of view?

    How can we attain a win-win situation for economic growth and sustainability?

    What pressing problems could be addressed by scientific development in near future?

    Did being awarded the Nobel Prize change your feelings towards your science?

    Hitting the bull's eye in cancer therapy - do you think we ever find a magic shot?

    If you would compare your discovery with a piece of music or art, what would it be and why?

    What makes a good theory?

    Why for last two decades we are not even close to building a relaible quantum computer?

    During your career, did you develope a certain 'sense' for good ideas? I mean, do you have a better 'feeling' in what could work and what rather not?

    Is it easier for you as a Nobel Laureate to convince politicians about a necessary changes in science policy?

    Are science and religions compatible?

    Do different disciplines and experts cooperat sufficiently? Its hard to overview someones own field, how could we stimulate cooperations?

    Is the level of 'research ethic' high enough? I mean the omnipresent pressure to publish first-class results, what can be done with the flood of data being produced, sometimes erroneous?

    How can a new scientist avoid bad ideas in scientific research?

    Is the future of medicine in medical technology?

    From Einstein and the special theory of relativity we conclude that it is impossible for any material object to travel at or beyond the speed of light.What about Tachyons? are they real?

    An academic career can be very uncertain - did you ever consider to step back from your research for your family?

    How did you surmount obstacles and persist on the scientific route?

    What do you expect form the invited young researcher at the Nobel Laureate Meeting?

    What kind of research – fundamental or applied – is of most benefit for mankind?

    Is the present scientific environment more welcoming to women compared to the past?

    May sports impact a scientific career?

    From your experience, what valuable advice would you give all young researchers who are starting their research life so as to become a good scientist?

    What are the disadvantages to an interdisciplinary approach in science?

    Which field of research do you see as the most promising one in the next decade?

    do you think molecular basis of biology resembles Rube Goldberg machine and answers to finding cure for cancer, diabetes, etc. may not require targeting complex and very specific signaling pathways?

    How has the peer review process in journals affected the speed of your research?

    Nobel Prizes reward individuals, no teams. Are co-workers acknowledged in some way by the Nobel Foundation? If not, would this be a good idea?

    Have you ever considered an alternative career outside of science? e.g. in sports,music or industry?

    How much time does your scientific research leave you for non-scientific activities such as theatre or literature?

    What would be that one discovery theoretical or experimental that would bring scientific revolution of 21st centruty.

    What is the end of basic research and the start of the applied research

    Do you know a country, where science funding is in your eyes ideal, or rather, which country is doing funding best? I do not only mean amount of money but also managment and handling of science.

    is there a scientific area that you regret having not had an opportunity to investigate due to lack of funding/changing research proirities?

    What can we do to meet the challenge of energy crisis?

    What technologies created specially for LHC can be used in a daily life?

    What would be the life expectancy in a world without cancer ?

    What do you think is the key to make a breakthrough, when great advance in a field has been already made and the focus is on small details or the same findings in a different form?

    What is the exact nature of immunity or immunology?

    You must have experienced a lull at some point in your research career. What important factor kept you going and finally achieving the Nobel Prize?

    How can we ensure that the society can follow the technical progress?

    Are you satisfied with the criteria used to determine promotion and tenure for academicians in your respective field(s)? If not, what changes/alterations would you recommend?

    Is the failure of the international community to respond adequately to climate change an indication that science is losing its credibility?

    What do you foresee as the major societal and scientific challenges of the next few decades, and how may we as young scientists address these challenges?

    How can scientists keep up with, and integrate into their research, an ever increasing amount of data and publications?

    Do you think that religious experience could be explained on materialistic ground?

    What inspired Nobel Laureates for their research?

    Can basic research give accurate solutions in complex systems?

    As far as you know, do you have any advice to the young Chinese undergraduate who want to start his/her research life in the future?

    How can government regulation be used to both protect public safety and encourage innovation?

    How do you imagine the world without computer as they exist today?

    What will be the fate of HIV virus in next decade?

    Do you agree that the understanding of the origin of the universe, of life and the human brain are the current most important questions in science?

    With Nobel prize people started listening to you. Do you advise world governments on climate control and global crisis? You have the power to be heard and promote science like developing tool for humanity.

    Are there pathways that are not yet identified in cancer and are amenable to treatment ?

    What has been the single most important factor that has influenced your professional success, to date?

    Is there a limit on the size of the Universe?

    Which one do you think is a better environment for Science - serious and competitive, or playful and cooperative? How would you cultivate that environment for your students and colleagues?

    Are there research results available to determine the distribution of number of water molecules per particle as a function of relative humidity in the atmosphere as relative humidity increases to 100%?

    Was the Universe created by a Bang or it has ever pre-existed?

    Does doing research enrich your life?

    How to go forward in research although some people tell you, you won't succeed?

    Before receiving the Nobel Prize; was this award one of your dreams and goals that you seeking to achieve?

    After receiving the Nobel Prize, do you have more or less time for your passion in science?

    Do you think the current sustainable energy research efforts are sufficient? What else should we do?

    Do you believe that scientists should be more involved in the legislative process beyond generating new knowledge to be used by decision-makers?

    Is nanotechnology good or evil for mankind?

    what was your driving factor obsession (hardwork) with a question or motivation (inspiration)??

    How do we know when we have reached the zenith of scientific knowledge in a particular field or area and when translation of that knowledge into action to benefit mankind should be pursued?

    What is the motivation underlying your scientific work?

    Does solving foundational issues of Quantum theory will help in expediting building of a Quantum computer?

    Why do physicists contrary to expectations adhere rigidly to the theory of relativity, though Lorentz transformation in general case of non collinear velocities is not at all transitive with respect to the real part of an event?

    Is it common that Nobel Laureates from different disciplines work together on a scientific topic?

    关键词(Tags): #Nobel laureate# Questions
    • 家园 今天有一個挺好問題

      有人問:

      Today’s young scientists have to be more likely “science managers”. Does this situation provide chances to force the scientific competition or do we risk of a trend shifting away from qualitative work towards quantity?

      今天的青年科學家更像“科學經理”。這種局面會否有機會促進科學競爭?抑或我們正處在將質量變為數量的風險之中?

      我個人覺得在中國目前能提出這個問題的人不多。儘管如今在中國的青年科學家的確很多都正在向職業經理人轉變,但是他們到底是促進了科學競爭而使科學發展更繁榮呢,還是真的僅僅只是將發表論文的數量增加了而已...

      這個問題至少提出了觀察危機的窗口。

    • 家园 我的问题是:您看这几年诺贝尔奖金涨得这么快,

      您当年才拿那么点钱,您气愤吗?

    • 家园 您是从什么时候开始乐意接受各类采访的?

      如何平衡它们与自己思考科研活动的时间?

    • 家园 如何来推动科学中看似冷门但不能缺少的部分的发展

      这是我的问题。我也曾经问过elserver的编辑一个类似的问题。结果他面露尴尬,瞠目结舌。后来结结巴巴的他回答了我的问题,但是我的听力一般般,没有太听懂,大体意思是,要将冷门问题和热门结合起来。

      • 家园 做冷門的動機是什麼?如何鼓勵研究的多樣性?

        說一個project是冷門的,主要是從投入的資源上來判斷的。我們也知道無論在什麼地方,最終對資源分配做價值判斷的,一般都是外行,因此,從整個社會的角度來看,分配馬馬虎虎,能保證一般學科和重點學科的研究工作,但是對於過於前瞻或者過於狹窄的研究的支持,肯定是不能很好保證的。如果說要改善的話,不能指望分配資源的人提高審美水平,這個要求太高了;改善的基礎在於提高對科學研究投入的總量,俗話說:大河缺水小河乾。

        從個別研究者的角度去看,選擇做比較冷門的方向大概有四個原因:(1)研究者其實是先驅型的人物,他/她看到了研究對象中存在的一般人尚未看到的價值,因此戮力而為之;另一個原因(2)是研究者的興趣所在,他的價值觀就體現在追求自己的興趣(比如最早做線蟲的哥);(3)任務,無所謂興趣,但是要完成;最後一個原因(3)就比較消極了,研究者缺乏競爭能力,或缺乏審美能力,選擇冷門只為生存罷了。

      • 家园 那个编辑回答是正确的

        虽然说是板凳需坐十年冷,但冷门方向的实验室一般只能容下一两个。其他在这个领域的人都会饿死掉。

        如果做的是冷门,但个人判断还是很有价值的,聪明人会想法把它和热门方向挂钩,申请一笔经费下来再说。拿到钱后,一部分钱做项目报告中许诺的热门,一部分转过来做冷门。这种做法是允许的。反正分钱的人在乎的是你最后发了几篇文章,有几个专利,具体内容就不那么在乎了。

      • 家园 这个问题赞:涉及了如何把握科学发展的未来

        多年前一个兄弟说:大牛如果说了什么东西能做出东西来。那么多半确实可以做出东西来。如果大牛说什么东西做不出东西来。那还未必真的做不出来。。。。

        • 家园 这个是我的切身体会

          其实目前的科研经费,尤其是国内的,运用的效率不是那么高。一方面,大量的资金集中在少数的方面,而且很多设计是重复的。你做这个生物,我就做那个生物;你做这个物质,我就加个基团来测测。

          另一方面,还有大量的科学中的方向无人涉及。无他,不是研究热点。个人很俗,与其将大量的经费一股脑全用在全球变化——还不知道子丑寅卯,还不如用在我们脚下、身边一些看似很小的问题上。没准哪天做出来的结果我们就用到了

          想当年,我们要研究一种海星,结果发现,这个东东在国内基础生物学甚至分类都不确切。这些东西都已经成为生物学的冷门,热门当然是当仁不让的分子生物学。这些知识将对探讨这种生物的分布和种群动力非常关键。但是这种东西是申请不到经费也得不到重视的。

          • 家园 是不是资金流向也反映了获取成果的可能性呢?

            我觉得掌握资金的人也不是傻瓜,他们当然也希望投资有回报(当然一些政治任务除外),希望投入的钱能够得到最大的回报。除了一些基础学科的研究比较特别,属于投资大回报期很长回报率也不明确外,一些应用学科的大多数资金应该还是投向了最有机会获得回报的方向吧?

            • 家园 那要看是如何来定义回报了。

              到底sci是回报呢,还是热点问题带来的风头是回报呢,还是其他的什么东西。

              现在嘛。。。情况很复杂。基本上大家都喜欢追国际上的和当下的热点问题。但是很多时候热点问题是需要研究基础的。这个基础往往没有人去做。

    • 家园 我会问对于一个成人,哪些是应该掌握的基础科学知识和方法
    • 家园 既然被花了,也就不好意思了

      搜肠刮肚想一个问题吧:

      我们知道,科学上最重要的进展在被普遍承认后会进入教科书。有的很专业的进展会进入研究生的教材,有的会进入本科生的教材。而若干特别重要的会进入中学课本,成为成为高中时代就应该学会的知识。

      一百多年来我们已经有了过几百个诺奖。请问您认为自己的成果,在22世纪的人类教材中,会进入哪个级别的教科书?中学的?大学的?研究生的?

      随之的一个问题是,您觉得最有资格进入高中教材的是哪项诺奖?进入大学教材的呢?

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